Yes, you can work in the United States while on a student visa, but there are certain restrictions and guidelines you must follow. Student visas, such as the F-1 and M-1 visas, allow international students to engage in various types of employment during their academic programs. Here are the main ways you can work on a student visa:
- On-Campus Employment:
- F-1 and M-1 visa holders are generally allowed to work on the school’s campus while enrolled full-time.
- You can work up to 20 hours per week during the academic year and full-time during school breaks.
- On-campus employment is typically found in positions like library assistant, research assistant, or campus bookstore clerk.
- Curricular Practical Training (CPT):
- CPT is a type of off-campus employment that is directly related to your major field of study and is an integral part of your established curriculum.
- You must have completed one academic year (typically two semesters) of full-time study to be eligible for CPT.
- You need approval from your Designated School Official (DSO) and the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).
- Optional Practical Training (OPT):
- OPT is temporary employment related to your major field of study.
- You can apply for OPT during your program (pre-completion OPT) or after completing your program (post-completion OPT).
- Post-completion OPT allows for full-time employment, while pre-completion OPT is limited to 20 hours per week while school is in session.
- You must apply for and receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) from USCIS to work on OPT.
- Severe Economic Hardship:
- If you are experiencing unforeseen financial difficulties while on a student visa, you may be eligible for off-campus employment due to severe economic hardship.
- This employment is granted by USCIS based on demonstrated need and requires approval from your DSO.
- Optional Practical Training Extension for STEM Students (STEM OPT):
- If you are in a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, or Mathematics) field and have completed a degree, you can apply for a 24-month STEM OPT extension.
- This allows for additional work authorization in your field.
- Academic Training (J-1 Visa):
- If you are on a J-1 visa, you may be eligible for Academic Training, which allows you to engage in work or training directly related to your field of study.
It’s crucial to follow the rules and regulations of your specific visa and maintain your legal status while studying in the U.S. Violating the terms of your visa can have serious consequences, including deportation and future visa ineligibility. Always consult with your DSO (for F and M visas) or Responsible Officer (for J-1 visas) to ensure you understand your visa’s employment opportunities and requirements. Additionally, seek their guidance when applying for CPT, OPT, or other work authorization programs to ensure compliance with U.S. immigration rules.